terracotta gietvorm voor een follis Maximinus II (270 - 313 AD)

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klei gietvorm afkomstig van twee verschillende munten?

This forger’s mould was part of a series of terracotta moulds of roughly the same module that each had the imprint of either two obverses or two reverses of Roman coins of comparable denomination. These moulds were then stacked together in order to produce a series of cast forgeries and could probably be used only once. They are found predominantly in Northern-Africa, often broken because of the brittle material.

Type munt follis Omschrift voorzijde GAL VAL MAXIMIANVS NOB CAES Muntconditie
Provincie Alexandria. 297-298 AD Omschrift keerzijde GENIO CAESARIS

P-P across fields, officina letter E at centre right

Mintmark ALE

 Datum sept. 2012
Muntplaats Alexandria Voorzijde laureate head right with divergent wreath ties Verkoper Gert Boersma
Jaartal laat 308-310 Keerzijde Genius standing left, modius on head, naked except for chlamys over left shoulder, holding patera from which liquid flows, and cornucopiae Bedrag euro 65
Vorst Maximinus II (270 - 313 AD) Vindplaats Veiling muntmanifestatie Assen
Metaal terracotta Schatvondst
Oplage Literatuur referentie vergelijk Alexandria RIC VI 99
Gewicht 6,17 gram
Diameter 32,10 mm, 23,23 mm munt21,38 mm,
Soortelijke massa
wpe2FD.jpg (54312 bytes) Ancient Rome. An excellent collection totaling 83 counterfeiter's / forger's moulds! Terracotta moulds with coin impressions. Used to reproduce both sides of centenionali of Constantius II, either emperor on galley type from Constantinople or soldier spearing fallen horseman from Alexandria. Fair to Fine. ex-Princeton Economics department collection, acquired by Martin Armstrong. #cng2750470 bron
wpe30B.jpg (19974 bytes) This particular mould is well preserved. It bears the imprint of a follis of Maximian on one side, and the imprint of a follis of Galerius Caesar on the other side. The portrait style of the Maximian coin resembles the style of Ticinum mint folles of c. AD 295-303, which would be the terminus post quem for this mould. For further information and other examples, refer to the website of Warren Esty: http://esty.ancients.info/numis/molds.html, a page dedicated to this kind of ancient mold and http://esty.ancients.info/imit/imittetrarchy.html, generally devoted to tetrarchic imitations and forgeries.

US 125, Euro 95,-- sept 2012, Gert Boersma
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 Maximinus II, cast copy from a mold like those below. Its prototype Imitation: 23 mm. 11:00. 6.16 grams. Prototype: 25 mm. 12:00. GAL VAL MAXIMINVS NOB CAES /GENIO CAESARIS /ALE in exergue, K left, B over P, right Alexandria mintmark Many molds for these casts have been found in Egypt. Ninety percent are broken. Coins form the casts are relatively rare. References: Type of Sear 3763. RIC Alexandria 100aB, page 678 volume VI. Prototype struck "late 308-310." Prototype: The same type, but officina A. RIC 100aA.

Mold from Egypt used to cast imitation coins like those above. This is one mold from a gang of molds that would have been stacked together. Genuine coins were pressed into terra-cotta (a type of clay) which was then used to cast imitations. Different coins were used for each side of the mold. Of course, the impressions are mirror images of the orginal coins, so read the legends as mirror images beginning at 5:00 and going counterclockwise. 33 mm. Coin diameter 22-23 mm. GAL VAL MAXIMINVS NOB CAES laureate head right This was the obverse of both coins impressed into the terra cotta of the mold. However, the styles of the heads are slightly different. The head on the right (convave side) is broader. bron
wpe31B.jpg (8718 bytes) Mold: two sides (impressed from two different coins, possibly of the same type, as coins with this obverse and reverse do exist.) 27 mm. Obverse of Licinius: IMP C VAL LICIN LICINIUS PF AVG (retrograde, of course) /IOVI CONSERVATORI AVGG, Jupiter standing l holding Victory with wreath and sceptre eagle at feet, K left, wreath above X above A right, ALE in exergue Prototype: RIC VII Alexandria 18, AD 316-317.
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 A group of molds was found in an unknown location. Eleven molds of the same diameter (29mm) were used in a "gang mold" to cast ten counterfeit coins at once (each of diameter about 23mm). Nine of the molds are two-sided, and two of the molds are endpieces and have but one side.

This is a side view of the molds stacked together (probably not in the original order), with the pouring channel slots lined up. It seems they were to fit together in a stack, but the precise order in which they fit has not been determined, and it seems there may have been still more molds in the original group that did not come with these. To make the casting process work, there may have been three stacks side-by-side so the moulten metal could be poured down the gap between them (cf. George Boon, "Counterfeit coins in Roman Britain", Figure 4B). If so, this group is missing many of the original molds. bron